Main topics will be treated:
- Orthogonal projections necessary to execute plants, elevations, sections
- Graphic tools and techniques
- Live drawing
- Architectural orders
- Eidotype and architectural sketches
- Drawing of the existing
- Project drawing
- Dimensional drawings (norms, conventional signs, etc.)
- M. Docci, D. Maestri, Manuale di disegno architettonico, Bari, ed. 1989
- M. Docci, D. Maestri, Manuale di rilievo architettonico e urbano, Bari, ed. 2009
- M. Franchini, Manuale completo di disegno, Firenze, ed. 2010
- S. Bertocci, M. Bini, Manuale di rilievo architettonico e urbano, Firenze, ed. 2012
Learning Objectives - Last names N-Z
Drawing is the foundation of the formation of every good architect; the possession of this manual skill allows us to represent (in a correct, correct and unequivocal way) ideas, concepts, thoughts, models of architecture or design.
The acquisition of codes and drawing techniques for the architectural student are the preliminary condition for a correct and correct setting.
Prerequisites - Last names N-Z
There are no prerequisites
Teaching Methods - Last names N-Z
Topics will be discussed: Drawing as an expressive code and an interpretation tool; The graphic representation of architecture, functions and evolution; Manual and instrumental graphic techniques; The representation of the constituent elements of architecture; The representation of architectural space; Overview of visual perception and composition of the image; Codes of representation.
Further information - Last names N-Z
For the architect it is fundamental to know how to graphically represent the project idea and then materialize it. It is in fact through the design that the designer controls the shape of the object he proposes to realize, and proposes it to others. In the same way, the buildings can be returned by means of the drawing. The "expressive effectiveness" of the space description is mainly entrusted to the freehand drawing. Especially in the twentieth century every "great" architect has built his own and peculiar "expressive graphic sign" that has characterized his ideas and design forms. To this end, the final exam foresees, through the study and research of some Authors, the application of these "express graphic signs" in an individual project.
Type of Assessment - Last names N-Z
For when the attendance to the lessons is not compulsory, the presence is strongly recommended, as there are substantial exercises in the classroom to constantly check the learning of the topics and graphic techniques covered during the course.
To access the final discussion of the exam it is necessary the presence and performance of exercises and tables assigned from time to time during the period of the lessons, as well as the preparation of a final graphic-design work that will be presented by the year 2018.
In the absence of the minimum requirements (attendance at the lessons, regular performance of the assigned tables, correct execution of the exercises) an interview on the topics covered is scheduled.
The Course provides only and exclusively the use of manual graphic techniques and not the use of computer graphics programs.
Course program - Last names A-D
OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE
The course aims to provide students with the tools and methods for understanding and representing architecture and the environment.
The lectures are divided into didactic modules in which topics related to manual and instrumental graphic techniques and representation systems will be addressed. These modules will alternate with exercises aimed at allowing the student to become familiar with the tools of drawing and seminars dedicated to learning the main software for assisted drawing and processing of raster images.
The documents produced must demonstrate that they have developed an adequate ability to read and synthesize the morphological, functional, material and typological characteristics of the architectures and environments investigated, and to be able to correctly represent them.
TOPICS OF THE LESSONS
1. Elements of projective
1.1 Orthogonal projections
1.2 Axonometry
1.3 Central projections
2. Conventional systems of architectural representation
2.1 The conventional representation: plans, plans, sections, elevations
2.2 The dimensioning system
2.3 Metric scales and conventional symbologies
3. Representation of architectural forms
3.1 Graphic problems on plane figures: polygons, circles, arcs, spirals and other plane curves, curvilinear and mixtilinear polygons
4. Graphic representation techniques
4.1 Graphic tools and reproduction techniques
4.2 Graphic techniques for drawing
4.3 Graphic techniques for material treatment
4.4 Setting up and composition of the graphics
5. The sizing and representation of the elements of the architecture
5.1 Continuous vertical elements: walls and facing
5.2 Vertical point-like elements: columns and pillars
5.3 Horizontal elements: floors, flat floors, vaults and false ceilings
5.4 Roofing elements: flat roofs, pitched roofs, single and double curved surfaces
5.5 Vertical connecting elements: stairs, lifts, ramps, bleachers
5.6 Horizontal connecting elements: doors, windows
5.7 Formal elements: moldings and vestments
5.8 The architectural orders
6. The drawing from life and the relief on sight
7. Notes on architectural survey
7.1 Simple shape detection tools and methods
7.2 Return Tools and Methods
8. The project drawing
9. The representation of the salient elements of the four great scales of the building
METHOD OF TEACHING
The course is divided into lectures and exercises, to be performed in the classroom or at home.
METHOD OF EXAMINATION
The exam is individual and consists of the evaluation of:
- Graphic drawings produced during the exercises planned during the course (on notebook and A3)
- Graphic drawings related to the final theme (on A3)
GRAPHIC DRAWINGS
All graphic drawings: must contain the following data:
University of Florence
DIDA - Department of Architecture
Architectural Drawing - A.A.
Prof. Alessandro Merlo
Student's name and surname
Title or theme of the exercise or graphic design
Progressive number of the paper
All the graphics produced must be delivered in a special folder on the dates scheduled for the delivery of the various exercises.
The exercises will cover different topics (which will be communicated during the lessons) and will have to demonstrate the level of learning achieved in the use of graphic techniques, in the knowledge of the constituent elements of architecture, representation systems and anything else imparted during the course.
During the exam, the exercises must be delivered in paper format (A3 tables and notebook) and digital (scanned on CD); following the final evaluation, the paper format will be returned to the student.
ESSENTIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
Reference text:
Docci M., Gaiani M., Maestri D. (2007). Scienza del disegno. CittàStudi, Torino.
Further texts:
Bini M. (2001). Tecniche grafiche e rappresentazione degli elementi dell’architettura. Alinea editore, Firenze.
Cataldi G. (1985). Sistemi statici in architettura. Edizioni Cedam, Modena.
Corazzi R. (1984). Geometria scienza del disegno. Maggioli editore, Rimini.
Docci M. (1985). Manuale di disegno architettonico. Laterza editore, Bari.
Docci M. (2010). Teoria e pratica del Disegno. Laterza, Bari.
Docci M., Maestri D. (1992). Il rilevamento architettonico. Storia, metodi e disegno. Laterza editore, Bari.
Osello A, Bocconcino M., Vernizzi C. (2006). Il disegno e l’ingegnere: disegno e geometria, Levrotto & Bella editore, Torino.
Course program - Last names N-Z
OBJECTIVES
Drawing is the foundation of the formation of every good architect; the possession of this manual skill allows us to represent (in a correct, correct and unequivocal way) ideas, concepts, thoughts, models of architecture or design.
The acquisition of codes and drawing techniques for the architectural student are the preliminary condition for a correct and correct setting
Topics will be discussed: Drawing as an expressive code and an interpretation tool; The graphic representation of architecture, functions and evolution; Manual and instrumental graphic techniques; The representation of the constituent elements of architecture; The representation of architectural space; Overview of visual perception and composition of the image; Codes of representation.
ARGUMENTS TREATED BY THE COURSE
Main topics will be treated:
- Orthogonal projections necessary to execute plants, elevations, sections
- Graphic tools and techniques
- Live drawing
- Architectural orders
- Eidotype and architectural sketches
- Drawing of the existing
- Project drawing
- Dimensional drawings (norms, conventional signs, etc.)
PREMISE FOR THE FINAL EXERCISE
For the architect it is fundamental to know how to graphically represent the project idea and then materialize it. It is in fact through the design that the designer controls the shape of the object he proposes to realize, and proposes it to others. In the same way, the buildings can be returned by means of the drawing. The "expressive effectiveness" of the space description is mainly entrusted to the freehand drawing. Especially in the twentieth century every "great" architect has built his own and peculiar "expressive graphic sign" that has characterized his ideas and design forms. To this end, the final exam foresees, through the study and research of some Authors, the application of these "express graphic signs" in an individual project.
EXAMINATION METHODS
For when the attendance to the lessons is not compulsory, the presence is strongly recommended, as there are substantial exercises in the classroom to constantly check the learning of the topics and graphic techniques covered during the course.
To access the final discussion of the exam it is necessary the presence and performance of exercises and tables assigned from time to time during the period of the lessons, as well as the preparation of a final graphic-design work that will be presented by the year 2018.
In the absence of the minimum requirements (attendance at the lessons, regular performance of the assigned tables, correct execution of the exercises) an interview on the topics covered is scheduled.
The Course provides only and exclusively the use of manual graphic techniques and not the use of computer graphics programs.